ncbionetwork.org Brunswick Community College's (BCC) Center for Aquaculture and Biotechnology (CAB) has implemented a Biofuels from Algae project as a joint effort between the departments of Aquaculture and Biotechnology. This included the design and construction of an 1800 gallon photobioreactor system during phase 1 of the project. Phase II focused on the downstream processing of oil extraction. BCC's CAB has a patent pending status on this process, which is purely mechanical, easily scalable and relatively cheap to implement. The final phase of the project (pending funding) will optimize and refine the oil extraction process, which will give us the opportunity to file a full patent, license the patent to industry or develop a trade secret with an industry partner, which will quickly move the process to commercialization. If the final phase is funded we will also obtain data on the yield of oil production, yield to biodiesel conversion, chemical composition of the extracted oil and determine the best species for use in the process developed at BCC. For more information, go online to http or ncbionetwork.org.
This important printed report provides a guide to the development of viable hybrid electric vehicles. The report, entitled Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technology Assessment: Methodology, Analytical Issues, and Interim Results, was written by the Center for Transportation Research, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory and was sponsored by the United States Department of Energy. At What Types of Vehicles Are We Looking? * What Is a Vehicle? * Hybrid-Electric Vehicles: Theory and Design * Energy Use in Conventional Vehicles * Energy Savings Potential of Hybrid Drivetrains * Emissions Trade-Offs * Elements of Hybrid Design * Parallel Hybrids * Series Hybrids * Component Sizing * A Dated "Thermostat" Concept * Grid-Independent Hyb
In the seventh episode of Ask POET, we addressed a question about the best biomass that can be used to make ethanol. Nathan Schock, host of Ask POET, spoke to Adam Wirt, Regional Biomass Coordinator to get the answer. They also discuss our biomass activities in Emmetsburg, IA -- future home of our first cellulosic ethanol facility, Project LIBERTY. Ask POET is a monthly program on POET TV where we answer the public's questions about ethanol and the role that we, as the largest producer, play in that industry. If you'd like to ask a question for a future episode, leave a comment below or email your question to askpoet@poet.com. Video Rating: 5 / 5
When it comes to shopping for a lawn mower, the first choice you have to have to make is whether or not to invest in 1 that's electrical or one that's driven by fuel. Every single type of mower has its pros and cons, but you also need to have to think about the turf you will be applying the machine on.
Why Electric Mowers?
Individuals who choose electric do so for a wide variety of explanations. As we turn out to be a additional eco-pleasant society, numerous of our purchasing selections are determined by regardless of whether the merchandise is excellent for our planet. An electrical lawn mower unquestionably falls into that group. It emits zero emission and does not contribute to pollution, contrary to its fuel counterpart.
One more good reason persons like electric mowers is mainly because it's substantially quieter to operate than fuel mowers. Fuel engines are noisy, so if you go electrical, you won't disturb your neighbors when mowing early in the morning. Also, you won't need to have to put on ear protection to block out the sound designed by the loud fuel engine.
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Easy to Manage
Around and over once more, you'll listen to persons who use electrical lawn mowers say how uncomplicated it is to preserve. In contrast to people that are powered by gasoline, you do not have to deal with gasoline, modifying the oil and filters, or challenges with spark plugs. If you have a common-sized lawn and the turf is fairly degree, then an electric mower need to complete just as perfectly as a gasoline mower beneath those circumstances. However, if you have big, hilly lawns, you'd be improved off obtaining a fuel mower.
One more downside to electric mowers is the use of cords in the corded versions. It can also eject cut grass and weeds from the rear stop and at the sides.
To deliver terrific traction during mowing, front and reverse wheel steering is put in in Husqvarna lawn mowers. And the bio-clip can covert the leaves into fine mulch to guide in cleaning up later. The ride-on sort of Husqvarna lawn mowers take in from eighteen to 26 HP, while the walk-behind kinds use four.five to 5.5 HP. The Husqvarna YTH2448 lawn tractor has a 24 HP Briggs & Stratton twin-cylinder with a mowing deck of 48. This can minimize wide strips of grass efficiently.
Husqvarna Mowers also have the automobile mowers. The car mowers can match you if you pick out not to mow by all by yourself. Electrical powered mowers are divided into two classes. The AC driven types and the battery driven. You can have the freedom to operate anytime and anyplace in your lawn by deciding upon the battery driven Husqvarna mowers.
If you have a even bigger lawn with lengthy grass, the ride-on mowers will save you time and labor. Choosing this brand of mower solves this challenge by providing a container for you. It can also eject cut grass and weeds from the rear end and at the sides.
To provide wonderful traction during mowing, front and reverse wheel steering is put in in Husqvarna lawn mowers. And the bio-clip can covert the leaves into good mulch to help in cleaning up later. The trip-on type of Husqvarna lawn mowers eat from eighteen to 26 HP, whilst the walk-behind styles use four.5 to five.five HP.
Add Room To your House Which has a Garage Kit Package deal Check out <a rel="nofollow" onclick="javascript:_gaq.push(['_trackPageview', '/outgoing/article_exit_link/4630374']);" href="http://juliosoto922.sosblog.com/-b/Add-Area-For-your-Residence-That-has-a-Garage-Kit-Package-deal-b1-p1.htm">Instrument Shed Options</a>
With increasing gas prices it seems like there is a rising interest to look a better fuel. People who drive will want something more economical when it comes to fuel. The majority want a cleaner and safer fuel. They also do not want a fuel that will cost more than expected.
Click HERE To Instantly Download This "Make Bio Diesel At Home" Guide
Today, you would have seen a number of new fuel being introduced and a couple of them have gathered a following. Biodiesel is one of the fuel that is in this category. Biodiesel offers a great alternative to high priced diesel fuel.
Biodiesel - It's Different
One unique feature that makes Biodiesel a good alternative fuel is that you do not need to buy a special vehicle or even modify your vehicle so that you can use Biodiesel. If your car uses diesel fuel then you will have no problems using Biodiesel.
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It is very different from regular diesel, but it's always something good. Biodiesel works like any other diesel fuel which is the main reason why you can use it in your car engine without modifying. In addition, it is a fact that Biodiesel tends to burn cleaner, so your engine will experience lesser wear and tear. Plus, it creates lesser pollution and so it is more environment-friendly. You may be please to know that Biodiesel is also safer with less chance of explosion or fire.
Blended
Most commercial Biodiesel in the market today are blended version. Blended version means that Biodiesel and regular diesel are mixed at various levels. The reason why it is done that way is because pure Biodiesel does not work well with conventional rubber parts found in vehicles. You see, hoses and other rubber parts in the car will disintegrate over time with Biodiesel use. Mixing Biodiesel and regular diesel into a blend will help to rectify this common issue.
B100, which is pure Biodiesel, is also sold commercially. For those who have removed the rubber parts in their engine will get maximum benefits from using pure Biodiesel. However, take note that a mixed Biodiesel is still better than straight diesel fuel and it can be used in any diesel-driven car without much issues. The Myths of Biodiesel
There are quite a number of myths about Biodiesel that cause people to think twice about using it. The known issue of Biodiesel breaking down rubber parts of the engine is not really that huge of a deal. It is pretty cheap when it comes to changing the rubber parts compared to the common problems that may arise from using regular diesel. Biodiesel is much cleaner and so general wear and tear is greatly reduced. That means that you will have lesser servicing done to your car
In the end, people will realize that the best choice is still Biodiesel. Despite all the criticism and negative reports, Biodiesel is, without a doubt, a proven diesel fuel alternative.
Do You Want To Learn How To Save At Least 33% Of Your Hard-Earned Income By Spending Less Money On Car Diesel? Click HERE To Instantly Download This "Make Bio Diesel At Home Guide".
This Eagle Bio-Fuels Wood Pellet Fuel Sampler includes three different pellet fuels to help you discover the right pellet fuel for your pellet stove. 40-lb. bag of each: corn/wood blend, premium pine wood, premium wood. U.S.A. Common Usage: Stove fuel, Compatible With: Pellet stoves, Capacity (lbs.): 480, Material Type: Corn and wood, Includes: 12-pack with 3 blends
Leading experts explore the need, challenges, opportunities and impacts of creating biofuels for a sustainable future Series: "Frontiers of Knowledge" [4/2008] [Science] [Show ID: 14378]
Article by Bill Williams
Is a Water4Gas fuel conversion "Environmentally" superior to
Biofuels- YES
Part 2
In Part 1 of this discussion I reviewed the environmental aspect of electric, hydrogen, and hybrid powered cars; in this document I will outline some of the deficiencies in the use of ETHANOL as a proposed "alternative" carbon-free, low-gas emission fuel.
Let's start by taking a look at where ethanol comes from, how it is produced, and why it is being touted as an energy efficient environmentally friendly biofuel.
Ethanol can be produced as a petrochemical via the hydration of ethylene, and biologically, by fermenting sugars with yeast. In this paper we will leave aside the ethanol produced petrochemically and take on board some facts relating to the field crops required to produce ethanol.
In the U.S.A ethanol as a fuel is derived mainly from maize (corn).
According to the "Renewable Fuel Association, in October '07, there were 131 grain ethanol bio-refineries in the U.S.A. with a further 72 refineries under construction.
Question: how much maize will these refineries consume just to
produce a biofuel?. Answer: America alone produces 270 million metric tons annually which is almost half the worlds harvest. It has been calculated that 500lbs of maize is required to fill one tank of the average american car; simple arithmetic will show that equates to approximately 12 tons of maize for 1 car for 1year. If America is producing 270 million tons p.a., which is the approximate amount required to keep 20 million cars on the U.S roads for one year then ALL of America's maize production is used on the production of fuel and none is left to use as FOOD.
Brazil now has a policy of supporting ethanol as a car fuel which is provided from domestically grown sugar cane, which not only has a greater concentration of sucrose than corn (approx. 30 of ethanol- regarding producing ethanol biofuels is directly at the expense of the food supply chain. Both sugar products and corn have soared up in price as a direct result
of these policies and the huge subsidies paid to farmers and industrial conglomerates. In fact the Asian Developement
Bank stated on Monday the 21st April this year "that developed nations should stop paying agricultural subsidies to encourage
biofuel production because those payments are making staple
foods more expensive."
Sweden does not help this situation either as its said that 13% of
new cars sold there now run on biofuel and practically every other
car maker in the world is trying to make their own version of a
biofuel car.
In following their policy to produce ethanol biofuel systems they have turned their backs to the fact that this policy has a negative effect on the environment by removing crops (food) from the food chain and where it is the case (Brazil, S.America) where tropical forests are being demolished to plant biofuel producing crops, they are removing those vital trees from from the land which themselves can literally absorb a ton of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in their lifetime.
Finally, a recent article in Science magazine states: "the use of US croplands for biofuels causes increased greenhouse gas emissions through emissions from land use change".
Having read the above it is incredible how anyone could perceive ethanol to be an ethical alternative fuel.
There is an ethical, environmentally friendly system available NOW,
but nobody in government nor anyone in the oil industry supports it.
WHY, - simply because they have a vested interest in the status quo.
The big conglomerates with government officials aiding them have invested BILLIONS in the aforementioned so called alternative fuels
and they have made huge mistakes but they wish to protect their bad investments at all costs, even at a cost to the world's environment.
As mentioned we do have an alternative system that is eco-friendly and it is available NOW; it is the Water4Gas fuel conversion system
which for a very small fee is yours to benefit from immediately.
What are the immediate benefits of installing a Water4Gas fuel conversion system?
a)..Your vehicle will dramatically produce significantly cleaner gas emissions thus reducing the amount of carbon dioxide discharged
into the air.
b)..You will reduce the amount of land required for crops to convert
to biofuel which can then be utilized for growing food crops.
c)..Reduced petrol/diesel consumption via improved m.p.g.
d)..Both a & b help to provide a better, healthier environment, (and
incidentally you'll find you have more cash left in your pocket.)
For full details of the Water4Gas fuel conversion system please visit:-
http://www.the-car-hub.co.uk
R.Bill Williams
About the Author
Bill is now retired but as a keen motorist has driven on most continents of the worldand has a keen interest in environmental issues, these account for only a couple of his many varied interests
Current world fossil oil production is struggling to meet demand and may even show a decline after 2010. It is therefore necessary to develop new energy efficient production pathways for transportation biofuels. This book offers an insight into three promising and innovative pathways for the biological production of biodiesel, ethanol and methane. These unconventional methods should provide higher product yields, less stringent feedstock specifications, lower chemical additive demand, reduced waste production and much better energy balances when compared to more traditional methods. The first pathway is the enzymatic production of a new kind of biodiesel where no glycerol waste is produced and a twenty percent higher product yield is obt
This digital document is a journal article from Bioresource Technology, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description: The pyrolysis of sewage sludge was investigated using microwave and electrical ovens as the sources of heat, and graphite and char as microwave absorbers. The main objective of this work was to maximize the gas yield and to assess its quality as a fuel and as a source of hydrogen or syngas (H"2+CO). Both gases were produced in a higher proportion by microwave pyrolysis than by conventional pyrolysis, with a maximum value of 38% for H"2 and 66% for H"2+CO. The oil
Part of the Government Series, Energy: from TheCapitol.Net Biofuels have grown significantly in the past few years as a component of U.S. motor fuel supply. Current U.S. biofuels supply relies primarily on ethanol produced from Midwest corn. Today, ethanol is blended in more than half of all U.S. gasoline (at the 10% level or lower in most cases). Federal policy has played a key role in the emergence of the U.S. biofuels industry in general, and the corn ethanol industry in particular. U.S. biofuels production is supported by federal and state policies that include minimum usage requirements, blending and production tax credits, an import tariff to limit importation of foreign-produced ethanol, loans and loan guarantees to facilitate the
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